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lesions reported for Finnish pigs (e.g. Valros et al . 2020), but on the other hand, the majority of the pigs go through life with a fully intact tail, or suffer only very minor lesions. Further, most Finnish producers are motivated to rear undocked pigs (Valros et al ., 2016), and a large between
dominance hierarchy in the domesticated pig Animal Behaviour , 21 ( 2 ): 326 – 334 . https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-3472(73)80074-0 . Mellor , D.J. ( 2016 ) Updating animal welfare thinking: moving beyond the “Five Freedoms” towards “A Life Worth Living ” Animals , 6 ( 3 ): 21 . https
.e. to exercise agency; Mellor, 2017). Agency is defined as ‘inner motivated behavioural engagement with the environment’ (from Spinka, 2019), and considered a central adaptive characteristic of animals’ life. Levels of agency can range from passive/reactive agency, through action-driven agency (the
glimpsed through the prism of the concept, a “reflection-into-self” that begins to round off the circle of subjectivity. This rounding-off in plant life, the return of a living vegetal being back to itself, is still incomplete, the bending of its itinerary not yet sealed at a point where the beginning and
release one day. The skills of scientific learning have given me the logic that is needed in life overall. The talents that I have learned from this program have motivated me to create bigger and more dreams than I could ever imagine. Even though at this time, I do not have a release date, with the
comparable to that which Giorgio Agamben has identified as marking the “hidden point of intersection between the juridico-institutional and the biopolitical models of power”.17 Invoking the Aristotelian distinction between zoé (the fact of living common to all forms of life) and bios (a form of living
.g., simulating prolonged presence of predators); marking methods ( Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour, 2018 ); from being wild-trapped and transported to a laboratory; or simply living in a laboratory environment can result in various degrees of suffering by impeding an animal from performing natural
through observance of the behavior of free living non-human animals. However, one would need to be an expert in behavioral animal sciences and animal cognition to prove this assumption right or wrong. Given that committees do not specialize in certain themes or research topics, it would be a coincidence
force de fuir” (1973) ∵ 1 LeDogue, Foucault’s Virtually Invisible Dog I am prepared to swear on Mao Zedong’s head that Michel Foucault did not live with a dog. Had he been living with a canine companion in the 1960s, when he wrote his chapter-length analysis of Velasquez’s 1656 painting Las Meninas
, seemingly incapable of mastering his own life, and since Karoline dies in childbed Hahnemann as godfather accepts responsibility for the upbringing and education of the child, also August. The text is thus the story of a drastic educational experiment by a highly-motivated and frustrated not