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Hedwig Hirschmann Triantaphyllou passed away on 22 September 2021. She was born in Fürth, Germany, on 16 January 1927, the daughter of the late Frederick and Ferdinandine Hirschmann. From an early age Hedwig was interested in science and shared a love for music with her musician
. elegans The initial analyses of the metabolome of the free-living nematode C. elegans was motivated by interest in the role of small molecules in regulating juvenile development. In the early 1980s, Golden & Riddle (Golden & Riddle, 1982, 1984a, b) had shown that worm-produced small molecules are required
of insect pests (Lacey et al ., 2015). A morphologically and physiologically adapted third-stage juvenile, known as the infective juvenile (IJ), is the free-living, infective phase, with the rest of the life cycle being completed inside the insect host (Kaya & Gaugler, 1993; Banu et al ., 2017
that the phoresy by pseudoscorpions was a result of their predaceous nature, phoresy in rhabditids is probably ‘motivated’ by the advantages in reaching and colonising a new habitat. That this association can be highly specialised is shown by the constant presence of a Fig. 2. A
explains how they were successful in colonising animal hosts from evolutionary lines of free-living nematode groups. Recent results on 18S rRNA gene sequencing and corresponding phylogenetic analyses show how the adaptation of a parasitic way of life was acquired by different free-living nematode groups