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, to understand, is the world, the cosmos. All science is cosmology. It is an attempt to learn more about the world. About atoms, about molecules. 331 About living organisms and about the riddles of the origin of life on earth. About the origin of thinking, of human mind; and about the ways in
was presumed that any patient who saw a psychiatrist, volun tarily or otherwise, was a sick person who should be presumed to have some sort of disease. Indeed, this was not just a general malaise with the stresses of life, but a specific "mental illness." (2) Therefore there was tremendous emphasis
-humans and other ecosystems. Nevertheless, I think even the most hardened scientist will agree that what motivates an investigation in environmental studies is not merely describing and appreciating the workings of nature (including our role within it), but a moral concern that things should go one way
all living persons who are or were employees of Exxon. Clearly this changes its membership too, but the only way to leave the clan is to die. So the clan is usually more inclusive than the club in that some of its members (viz. the former employees) are no longer members of the club. If at a
discovery is a matter that is at least in part an institutional fact. To motivate this viewpoint he asks us to consider three examples. In the first, Albert discovers a hole in his sock (Michel 2019, 416–7). Michel describes this as an event that Albert performs in solitude; our calling it a discovery
being consti tuted and undergoing change according to the principles of the discipline. Such a state of affairs is here termed the source of the theory. Where in the physical sciences the sources of theories are often physi cal states of affairs with which the theorist is familiar in his everyday life
extensive knowledge about the composition of matter, the mechanisms of life, and many other features of the real world. All this points towards the existence of scientific truth . I shall argue that the method employed by science presupposes a basic epistemological realism and that this realism is refined
at a given instant (quantum superpositions). Not only does the quantum formalism allow ordinary macroscopic objects to lack a well defined property state; as Schroedinger pointed out,S it should be easy for the world of quantum superpositions to creep out into everyday life. If the theory is correct
and seconds. The central object of my interests is the creat ing subject which changes existing reality, the subject seen as a living, fully aware body. And reality is a web of mutual dependence and things in transformation'!". This is just the point at which Kotarbinski seems to be most open to
that Merleau-Ponty from the beginning precisely works against this “spirit-”phenomenology as not finding a place for the natural sensuousness and materiality of incarnated life. The incorporation of intentionality in bodily organic life, however, yields projects aimed at naturalizing consciousness in