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A second species of Pedroplax Ng & Komai, 2011, P. takedai sp. nov., is described from the Chesterfield Reefs, Coral Sea. It is distinguished from its only other congener, P. megalops (Takeda, 1989), by differences in carapace morphology and shape of the male G1. Pedroplax megalops is recorded from north-western Australia, marking a significant southerly range extension and the first record of this species from the Indian Ocean.