This issue follows American English and punctuation and employs the Chicago Manual of Style. In the interests of readability and familiarity, it adopts a modified form of the Library of Congress transliteration system and uses the long-established spellings of proper names that are most commonly known to English speakers, for example: Alexandre Benois, not Aleksandr Benua; Marc Chagall, not Mark Shagal; Vasily Kandinsky, not Vasilii Kandinskii. In general, Russian names are given without patronymics, unless necessary to avoid confusion. Diacritical marks and hard signs are omitted. Soft signs occurring before vowels are replaced with an “i” but otherwise are removed for readability, except in Russian citations and the titles of Russian publications listed in the footnotes and image captions, where they are indicated with an apostrophe. Thus, we use Soloviev instead of Solov’ev, Vrubel instead of Vrubel’, Antokolskii instead of Antokol’skii. At the end of proper names “ii” and “yi” are employed throughout, except in cases of commonly established spellings in western usage, such as Tolstoy, Kandinsky, Dobuzhinsky (instead of Tolstoi, Kandinskii, Dobuzhinskii). Likewise, familiar English variants of place names, first names, and the names of rulers and saints are used, for example: Moscow instead of Moskva, Nicholas I instead of Nikolai I, Saint Cyril instead of Saint Kirill, with the exception of established spellings of proper names mentioned above. The dates of artworks, exhibitions, and important historical events are included in parentheses at their first mention. Dates referring to events in Russia that took place before January 1918 are given in the Old Style. Subsequent dates conform to the post-revolutionary Gregorian calendar. The titles of artworks, books, catalogues, journals, and newspapers are italicized. Titles of exhibitions, articles, and essays are rendered in quotation marks. The names of societies, institutions, and artistic movements are capitalized. After first mention in the original language, all foreign titles are subsequently given in English except for established names and expressions, such as “Exposition Universelle,” Peredvizhniki, Mir iskusstva, matreshka, and kokoshnik. Unless specifically stated, all translations from Russian or any other language into English are by the respective author.