Abstract
This paper explores some possible contributions analytical psychology may make to theorising racial hybridity. Already a ‘hybrid psychology’, Lu suggests that analytical psychology is particularly well-positioned to speak to the specific experiences and challenges posed by multiraciality. In particular, Lu critically reflects on his hopes, fears, and fantasies that have arisen with the birth of his multiracial children, which may in turn act as a springboard to greater depth psychological reflections on the unique and equally ‘typical’ experience of raising mixed-raced children. Such concerns have been articulated by others such as Bruce Lee, who faced the challenge of raising multiracial children amidst a backdrop of racism in the Unites States. This paper critically assesses possible ways in which racial hybridity may be theorised from a Jungian perspective and argues that a Post-Jungian approach must reflect the flexibility and fluidity of hybridity itself.
Purchase
Buy instant access (PDF download and unlimited online access):
Institutional Login
Log in with Open Athens, Shibboleth, or your institutional credentials
Personal login
Log in with your brill.com account
-
Anderson, B. (1983). Imagined Communities. London: Verso.
-
Ashcroft, B., Griffiths, G. and Tiffin, H. (2013). Postcolonial Studies: the key concepts, 3rd ed. London: Routledge.
-
Balling, F.D. (1966/2017a). “Bruce Lee: ‘our mixed marriage brought us a miracle of love’ ” in John Little (ed), Bruce Lee: words of the dragon. Vermont: Tuttle Publishing.
-
Balling, F.D. (1966/2017). “Bruce Lee: love knows no geography” in John Little (ed), Bruce Lee: words of the dragon. Vermont: Tuttle Publishing.
-
Bhabha, H.K. (1994). The Location of Culture. London: Routledge.
-
Bly, R. (1990). Iron John: Men and Masculinity. London: Random House.
-
Bowman, P. (2010). Theorizing Bruce Lee: film-fantasy-fighting-philosophy. New York: Rodopi.
-
Bremmer, J. (2000). “Scapegoat rituals in ancient Greece” in Oxford readings in Greek religion, pp. 271–293.
-
Brewster, F. (2017). African Americans and Jungian Psychology. London: Routledge.
-
Brewster, F. (2013). “Wheel of Fire: the African American dreamer and cultural consciousness” in Jung Journal: culture & psyche, 7(1), pp. 70–87).
-
Brinton Perera, S. (1986). The scapegoat complex: toward a mythology of shadow and guilt. Toronto: Inner City Books.
-
Calland, R. (2019). “Race, power and intimacy in the intersubjective field: the intersection of racialised cultural complexes and personal complexes” in Journal of Analytical Psychology, 64(3), pp. 367–385.
-
Chan, J. (2001). Chinese American Masculinities: from Fu Manchu to Bruce Lee. London: Routledge.
-
Charon, R. (2006). Narrative medicine: honouring the stories of illness. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
-
Cirlot, J.E. (1971/2001). A Dictionary of Symbols. London: Routledge.
-
Clarke, J.J. (1994). Jung and Eastern Thought: a dialogue with the Orient. London: Routledge.
-
Clay, C. (2016). Labyrinths: Emma Jung, her marriage to Carl and the early years of psychoanalysis. London: William Collins.
-
Clopton Jr., W. (1967/2017). “Kato Likes Puns, Preys on Words” in John Little (ed), Bruce Lee: words of the dragon. Vermont: Tuttle Publishing.
-
Concise Oxford English Dictionary, Twelfth Edition. (2011). Angus Stevenson and Maurice Waite (eds). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
-
Dalal, F. (1988). “Jung: a racist” in British Journal of Psychotherapy, 4(3), pp. 263–279.
-
Davids, M.F. (2011). Internal Racism: a psychoanalytic approach to race and difference. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
-
DiAngelo, R. (2018). White Fragility: why it’s so hard for white people to talk about racism. London: Penguin Books.
-
DiAngelo, R. (2011). “White Fragility” in International Journal of Critical Pedagogy, 3(3), pp. 54–70.
-
Dikötter, F. (1992/2015). The Discourse of Race in Modern China. London: C Hurst & Co Publishers Ltd.
-
Duncan, D. (1967/2017). “Gung Fu in Bridge Club?” in John Little (ed), Bruce Lee: words of the dragon. Vermont: Tuttle Publishing.
-
Ellis, C. (2004). The Ethnographic I: a methodological novel about autoethnography. Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press.
-
Ellis, C. (1995). Final Negotiations: a story of love, loss and chronic illness. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
-
Enter the Dragon. (1973). [DVD]. Directed by Robert Clouse. USA: Warner Bros.
-
Esping, A. (2011). Autoethnography as logotherapy: an existential analysis of meaningful social science inquiry in Journal of Border Educational Research, 9, pp. 59–67.
-
Fanon, F. (1952/1988). Black Skin White Masks. London: Pluto Press.
-
Fanon, F. (1961/2001). The Wretched of the Earth. London: Penguin Books.
-
Frank, A.W. (2002). At the Will of the Body: reflections on illness. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company.
-
Frank, A.W. (2004). The Renewal of Generosity: illness, medicine and how to live. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
-
Frank, A.W. (2013). The Wounded Storyteller: body, illness & ethics, 2nd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
-
Garratt, D. (2015). Psychoanalytic-Autoethnography: troubling natural bodybuilding in Qualitative Inquiry, 21(4), pp. 343–353.
-
Gellner, E. (1983). Nations and Nationalism. New York: Cornell University Press.
-
Gordon, P. (2011). “Psychoanalysis and Racism: the politics of defeat” in Race & Class, 42(4), pp. 17–34.
-
Granger, C.A. (2011). Silent Moments in Education: an autoethnography of learning, teaching, and learning to teach. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
-
Hedges, C. (2018, July 08). “The Con Diversity”. Truthdig. Retrieved from: https://www.truthdig.com/articles/the-con-of-diversity/
-
Hillman, J. (1983/1995). Healing Fiction: on Freud, Jung, Adler. Woodstock, UK: Spring Publications.
-
Ho, E.P. (2010). Tracing my Children’s Lineage. Hong Kong: Centre for Asian Studies, HKU.
-
Hobsbawm, E. and Ranger, T. (1983). The Invention of Tradition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
-
Holy Bible, New Revised Standard Edition. (1989). Nashville: Thomas Nelson Publishers.
-
Jung, C.G. (1923). The Type Problem in Classical and Medieval Thought. In Collected Works, Vol. 6. Psychological Types. (2nd ed.) London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1989.
-
Jung, C.G. (1935). The Tavistock Lectures. In Collected Works, Vol. 18. The Symbolic Life. (2nd ed.) London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1993
-
Jung; C.G. (1940). L’ Homme à la découverte de son âme. Structure et fonctionnement de l’ inconscient. Paris: Éditions du Mont-Blanc.
-
Jung, C.G. (1988). Nietzsche’s Zarathustra: notes of the seminar given in 1934–1939. J.L. Jarrett (ed). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
-
Keval, N. (2001). “Understanding the trauma of racial violence in a black patient” in British Journal of Psychotherapy, 18(1), pp. 34–51.
-
Keval, N. (2016). Racist States of Mind: understanding the perversion of curiosity and concern. London: Karnac Books.
-
Khalfa, J. and Young, R.J.C. (eds). Alienation and Freedom: Frantz Fanon. Steven Corcoran (trans). London: Bloomsbury Academic.
-
Klein, M. (1975). Love, Guilt and Reparation and Other Works 1921–1945. London: The Hogarth Press.
-
Kleinman, A. (1988). The Illness Narratives: suffering, healing & the human condition. New York: Basic Books.
-
Kovel, J. (1970/1988). White Racism: a psychohistory. London: Free Association Books.
-
Kumashiro, K.K. (2000). “Toward a theory of anti-oppressive education” in Review of Educational Research, 70(1), pp. 25–53.
-
Kwan, P. (1973/2017). “The Violence Cult” in John Little (ed), Bruce Lee: words of the dragon. Vermont: Tuttle Publishing.
-
Law, I. (2010). Racism and Ethnicity: global debates, dilemmas, directions. London: Longman.
-
Lee, B. (1998/2016). Letters of the Dragon. John Little (ed). Vermont: Tuttle Publishing.
-
Liu, M.T.Y. (2005/2007). The Chinatown Trunk Mystery: murder, miscegenation and other dangerous encounters in turn-of-the-century New York City. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
-
Loffreda, B. and Rankine, C. (2016). “Introduction” in Claudia Rankine, Beth Loffreda and Max King Cap (eds), The Racial Imaginary: writers on race in the life of the mind. Albany, NY: Fence Books.
-
Lowe, F. (ed). (2014). Thinking Space: promoting thinking about race, culture and diversity in psychotherapy and beyond. London: Karnac.
-
Lu, K. (2018). “Teaching Jung in the academy: the representation of comic book heroes on the big screen” in Luke Hockley (ed), The Routledge International Handbook of Jungian Film Studies. London: Routledge.
-
Lu, K. (2013). “Can individual psychology explain social phenomena? An appraisal of the theory of cultural complexes” in Psychoanalysis, Culture & Society, 18, pp. 386–404.
-
McMillan, C. and Ramirez, H.E. (2016). “Autoethnography as therapy for trauma” in Women & Therapy, 39(3–4), pp. 432–458.
-
Moore, J. (1972/2017). “Superstar Bruce Lee?” in John Little (ed), Bruce Lee: words of the dragon. Vermont: Tuttle Publishing.
-
Moore, J. (1971/2017). “Bruce Lee—the $ 3 million box-office draw” in John Little (ed), Bruce Lee: words of the dragon. Vermont: Tuttle Publishing.
-
Morgan, H. (2002). “Exploring racism” in Journal of Analytical Psychology, 47(4), pp. 567–581.
-
Nagle, A. (2018, November 20). “The Left Case against Open Borders”. American Affairs. Retrieved from: https://americanaffairsjournal.org/2018/11/the-left-case-against-open-borders/
-
“Open Letter from a Group of Jungians on the Question of Jung’s Writings on and Theories about ‘Africans’ ” (2018) in British Journal of Psychotherapy 34(4), pp. 673–678.
-
Pang, C.L. (1972/2017). “Inside Bruce Lee” in John Little (ed), Bruce Lee: words of the dragon. Vermont: Tuttle Publishing.
-
Papadopoulos, R.K. (1984/1991). “Jung and the Concept of the Other” in R.K. Papadopoulos and G.S. Saayaman (eds). Jung in Modern Perspective: The Master and His Legacy. Bridport: Prism Press, pp. 54–88.
-
Papastergiadis, N. (1997). “Tracing Hybridity in Theory” in Pnina Werbner and Tariq Modood (eds), Debating Cultural Hybridity: multi-cultural identities and the politics of anti-racism. London: Zed Books, pp. 257–281.
-
Plummer, K. (2001). Documents of Life 2: an invitation to a critical humanism. London: Sage Publications.
-
Plummer, K. (2012). “My multiple sick bodies: symbolic interactionism, autoethnography and embodiment” in Bryan S. Turner (ed), Routledge Handbook of Body Studies. London: Routledge, pp. 75–93.
-
Rand, F. (1966/2017). “Chinese Bruce Lee says of his American child: ‘IWANTMYSONTOBEAMIXED-UPKID!’ ” in John Little (ed)., Bruce Lee: words of the dragon. Vermont: Tuttle Publishing.
-
Samuels, A. (2018). “Jung and ‘Africans’ ”: a critical and contemporary review of some of the issues in International Journal of Jungian Studies, DOI: 10.1080/19409052.2018.1454647.
-
Samuels, A. (2010). “The transcendent function and politics: NO!” in The Journal of Analytical Psychology, 55(2), pp. 241–253.
-
Samuels, A. (1993). The Political Psyche. London: Routledge.
-
Stein, M. (1983/2014). In Midlife. Asheville, North Carolina: Chiron.
-
Thomas, B. (1996/2008). Bruce Lee: Fighting Spirit. London: Sidgwick & Jackson.
-
The Crow. (1994). [DVD]. Directed by Alex Proyas. USA: Miramax.
-
Ticho, G.R. (1967). “On Self-Analysis” in International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 48, pp. 308–318.
-
Vannoy Adams, M. (1996). The multicultural imagination: ‘race’, color, and the unconscious. London: Routledge.
-
Vaughan, A.G. (2018). “A conversation between like-minded colleagues and friends: Alan Vaughan and Andrew Samuels” in Jung Journal: Culture & Psyche, 12(2), pp. 118–137.
-
Vye, E.L. (2017). Queering Jung: an autoethnography. MA Jungian and Post-Jungian Studies, University of Essex. Colchester, Essex.
-
Welsh, S.N. (2018). “Archetype X: visible and invisible otherness” in Psychological Perspectives: a quarterly journal of Jungian thought. 61(4), pp. 517–528.
-
Werbner, P. (1997). “Introduction: The dialectics of cultural hybridity” in Pnina Werbner and Tariq Modood (eds), Debating Cultural Hybridity: multi-cultural identities and the politics of anti-racism. London: Zed Books, pp. 1–26.
-
Werbner, P. and Modood, T. (eds). (1997). Debating Cultural Hybridity: multi-cultural identities and the politics of anti-racism. London: Zed Books.
-
Zimmerman, J.E. (1964). Dictionary of Classical Mythology. New York: Bantam Books.
-
Žižek, S. (2016). Against the Double Blackmail: refugees, terror and other troubleswith neighbours. London: Allen Lane.
| All Time | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 632 | 264 | 18 |
| Full Text Views | 122 | 49 | 0 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 209 | 108 | 0 |
Abstract
This paper explores some possible contributions analytical psychology may make to theorising racial hybridity. Already a ‘hybrid psychology’, Lu suggests that analytical psychology is particularly well-positioned to speak to the specific experiences and challenges posed by multiraciality. In particular, Lu critically reflects on his hopes, fears, and fantasies that have arisen with the birth of his multiracial children, which may in turn act as a springboard to greater depth psychological reflections on the unique and equally ‘typical’ experience of raising mixed-raced children. Such concerns have been articulated by others such as Bruce Lee, who faced the challenge of raising multiracial children amidst a backdrop of racism in the Unites States. This paper critically assesses possible ways in which racial hybridity may be theorised from a Jungian perspective and argues that a Post-Jungian approach must reflect the flexibility and fluidity of hybridity itself.
| All Time | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 632 | 264 | 18 |
| Full Text Views | 122 | 49 | 0 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 209 | 108 | 0 |