Chapter 17 Safety of probiotics in infants and children

In: Microbiota in health and disease: from pregnancy to childhood
Authors:
M. Van den Nieuwboer New-Med Solutions, Riouwstraat 61A, 1094 XH Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

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P.D. Browne Clinical Research Rotterdam, Marconistraat 16, 3029 AK Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Faculty of Earth & Life Sciences, Athena Institute, VU University, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9104, 6500 HE Nijmegen, the Netherlands.

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E. Claassen Faculty of Earth & Life Sciences, Athena Institute, VU University, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

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Since the PROPATRIA-trial in 2008, probiotics have been placed under scrutiny and concerns have been raised regarding the safety of administration of live microorganisms. When probiotics are administered to immune-incompetent or immune-deficient individuals, probiotic strains can potentially cause systemic infections. As probiotic intake and gut modulation might be most effective early in life, no uncertainties should remain regarding safety administration of probiotics during the perinatal period and childhood. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the safety of probiotics based on data from clinical trials up to 2016. These studies indicate that probiotics are safe for infants and children, even in frail preterm infants.

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