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Development of sustainable business models for insect-fed poultry production: opportunities and risks

In: Journal of Insects as Food and Feed
Authors:
H.W. Saatkamp Business Economics, Wageningen University & Research, Hollandseweg 1, 6706 KN Wageningen, the Netherlands.

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Y. Aartsma Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands.

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H. Hogeveen Business Economics, Wageningen University & Research, Hollandseweg 1, 6706 KN Wageningen, the Netherlands.

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M. Augustijn Royal GD, Arnsbergstraat 7, 7418 EZ Deventer, the Netherlands.

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A. Baumann Bühler Insect Technology Solutions, Gupfenstrasse 5, CH 9042 Uzwil, Switzerland.

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L.W. Beukeboom Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands.

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A. Borghuis HAS University of Applied Science Den Bosch, Onderwijsboulevard 221, 5223 DE ’s-Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands.

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B. Bovenkerk Philosophy Group, Hollandseweg 1, 6706 KN, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands.

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M. van der Bruggen Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands.

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M.H. Companjen NVWA (Dutch Food and Safety Authority), Bezuidenhoutseweg 73, 2594 AC Den Haag, the Netherlands.

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A. Dörper Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands.

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J. Falcão Salles Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands.

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H.J. van der Fels-Klerx Wageningen Food Safety Research, Wageningen University & Research, Akkermaalsbos 2, 6708 WB Wageningen, the Netherlands.

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A.R.H. Fischer Marketing and Consumer Behaviour, Wageningen University & Research, Hollandseweg 1, 6706 KN Wageningen, the Netherlands.

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O. Haenen HAS University of Applied Science Den Bosch, Onderwijsboulevard 221, 5223 DE ’s-Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands.

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A. Hosseini Protix BV, Industriestraat 3, 5107 NC Dongen, the Netherlands.

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J. van den Hurk Rabobank Netherlands, Croeselaan 18, 3521 CB Utrecht, the Netherlands.

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P. Jacobs HAS University of Applied Science Den Bosch, Onderwijsboulevard 221, 5223 DE ’s-Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands.

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W.L. Jansen Amusca BV, Bennebroekerdreef 7, 2121 CL Bennebroek, the Netherlands.

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M. de Jong Dierenbescherming, Regulusweg 11, 2508 CR Den Haag, the Netherlands.

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Y. Kortsmit Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands.

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M. Leipertz Business Economics, Wageningen University & Research, Hollandseweg 1, 6706 KN Wageningen, the Netherlands.

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H. Lommers Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality, Bezuidenhoutseweg 73, 2594 AC Den Haag, the Netherlands.

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J.J.A. van Loon Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands.

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M.S. van Loon Philosophy Group, Hollandseweg 1, 6706 KN, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands.

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S. Maistrou Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands.

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K. Niermans Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands.

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E. Schmitt Protix BV, Industriestraat 3, 5107 NC Dongen, the Netherlands.

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P.N. Shah Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands.

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A. Spaans Southern Agriculture and Horticulture Organization (ZLTO), Onderwijsboulevard 225, 5223 DE ‘s-Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands.

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T. Veldkamp Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University & Research, De Elst 1, 6700 AH Wageningen, the Netherlands.

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M.F. Verweij Philosophy Group, Hollandseweg 1, 6706 KN, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands.

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M. Vogel Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands.

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A. Voulgari Kokota Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands.

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B. Wertheim Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands.

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M. Dicke Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands.

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Open Access

During the last decade the potential of insects for human nutritional protein is increasingly recognised. Direct consumption of insects contributes to a reduction of the ecological footprint of human food production and is claimed to have health benefits. An alternative is feeding poultry (broilers and layers) with insect-derived protein. This offers several additional advantages, e.g. a more extensive use of (new sources) of organic by-products of food industry for insect production. Implementation of a People-Planet-Profit (PPP) sustainable way of utilising these opportunities requires the development of sustainable business models. Such business models need to be based on the opportunities of insect-derived protein in feeding poultry but should also include the risks associated with insect-derived protein for feeding poultry. This article explores the insect-fed poultry production value chain through an interdisciplinary approach. First, the essential features of this value chain are described. Then, an inventory and classification is made of the main opportunities and risks of this value chain. Finally, the opportunity-risk trade-offs are discussed, as well as their implications for developing sustainable business models. We conclude that for PPP-sustainable business models, management of the asymmetric trade-offs between opportunities and risks related to possible contamination of organic by-products used as substrate for insect production should receive prime attention. Implications for organising the value chain are discussed.

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